I find acid ok - but not deadly accurate - I use it as a guide. I am sure very experienced people would do better.
xrf - bullet proof as long as you get to the metal ----------- thick coating or rolled gold is a problem if you cannot file.
SG is good for small items -------- I found with large bits ------------ I did an sg recently on a nugget that was just under 10 oz - I thought it would easy - but it was very difficult - using the water was ok, but getting the right sized container and the right set of scales proved problematic.
Not a piece like that - but other stuff I just melt, stir then xrf - of course you can't do that with jewellery --------- but a heft test tells you most of it I find.
I haven't used a pen, but intend to get one in the future, I have heard good reports.
have a great arvo
gazza